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Pregnancy and Birth to 24 Months Systematic Review

Systematic Review Question

What is the relationship between shorter versus longer durations of exclusive human milk feeding and diabetes outcomes in offspring?

Conclusion Statement

Limited evidence from observational studies suggests that shorter versus longer durations of exclusive human milk feeding are associated with higher risk of type 1 diabetes. Limited evidence, from a single study that used a strong design, also suggests that the duration of exclusive human milk feeding is not associated with fasting glucose or insulin resistance at 11.5 years of age.

There is insufficient evidence to determine whether or not there is a relationship between shorter versus longer durations of exclusive human milk feeding and type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and HbA1C throughout the lifespan, and fasting glucose and insulin resistance at ages other than 11.5 years

Grade: Limited –fasting glucose and insulin resistance at age 11.5 years, type 1 diabetes; Grade Not Assignable – fasting glucose and insulin resistance at ages other than 11.5 years, type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, HbA1C.