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2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee Systematic Reviews

Individual Diet and Physical Activity Behavior Change Subcommittee

  • Diet and Physical Activity Behavior Change Subcommittee Members

    •    Rafael Pérez-Escamilla, PhD, Yale School of Public Health (Chair) 
    •    Barbara Millen, DrPH, RD, Millenium Prevention (Chair/Vice Chair Representative) 
    •    Wayne Campbell, PhD, Purdue University
    •    Steven Clinton, MD, PhD, The Ohio State University
    •    Anna Maria Siega-Riz, PhD, RD, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 
    •    Lucile Adams-Campbell, PhD, Georgetown University Medical Center
    •    Michael Perri, PhD, ABPP, University of Florida (Consultant)

    Nutrition Evidence Library Team

    •    Joanne Spahn, MS, RDN, FADA
    •    Maureen Spill, PhD
    •    Nancy Terry, MSLS

    Dietary Guidelines Management Team

    •    Katrina Piercy, PhD, RD
    •    Elaine Trujillo, MS, RD
    •    Kevin Kuczynski, MS, RD
    •    Richard Olson, MD, MPH

Overview

Individual behavior change lies at the inner core of the social-ecological model that forms the basis of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee's conceptual model (see Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee: Part B. Chapter 2: 2015 DGAC Themes and Recommendations: Integrating the Evidence). For this reason, it is crucial to identify the behavioral strategies that individuals living in the United States can follow to improve their dietary and healthy lifestyle behaviors, as well as the key contextual factors that facilitate the ability of individuals to consume healthy diets. Recognizing the importance of these dietary and lifestyle behaviors to the health and wellbeing of the US population, the Committee reviewed recent evidence to address questions on the relationship between eating out, family shared meals, sedentary behavior, and diet and weight outcomes. The 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee also focused on identifying evidence that could provide individuals with tools to improve their dietary choices and body weight status. Specifically, the Committee reviewed recent evidence on the impact of diet and weight self-monitoring, and on the use of food and menu labels on dietary intake and weight outcomes. The Committee also focused on the association between diet, body weight, and chronic disease outcomes and two contextual factors that are highly relevant in the United States—household food insecurity and acculturation.

Below are links to the questions this Subcommittee answered using a NEL systematic review approach.

Systematic Review Questions

Eating out

What is the relationship between eating out and/or take away meals and body weight in children and adults?

Family shared meals

What is the relationship between frequency/regularity of family meals and measures of dietary intake in U.S. population groups?

What is the relationship between frequency/regularity of family meals and measures of body weight in U.S. population groups?

Sedentary behavior, including screen time

What is the relationship between sedentary behavior (including recreational, occupational, and screen time) and measures of dietary intake and body weight in adults?

Self-Monitoring and Body Weight

What is the relationship between use of diet and body weight self-monitoring strategies and body weight outcomes in adults and youth?

Food and menu labeling

What is the effect of use of food and menu labels on measures of food selection and dietary intake in U.S. population groups?

Household food insecurity (HFI)

What is the relationship between household food insecurity (HFI) and measures of dietary intake and body weight?

Acculturation

What is the relationship between acculturation and dietary intake?

What is the relationship between acculturation and body weight?

What is the relationship between acculturation, dietary intake, and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

What is the relationship between acculturation, dietary intake, and risk of type 2 diabetes?

For more information, see Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee: Part D. Chapter 3: Individual Diet and Physical Activity Behavior Change. Information in the report was vetted by the full committee and presented at public meetings; however, more detailed supporting information on each specific systematic review is available on the NEL website.

For 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Subcommittee work structure and member organization, see Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee Appendix E-9.

For 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee and support staff membership and acknowledgments lists, see: Membership and Appendix E-10: Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee Report Acknowledgments.