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Systematic Review Question

What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and risk of type 2 diabetes?

Conclusion Statement

Dietary patterns: Children

  • Insufficient evidence is available to determine the relationship between dietary patterns consumed by children or adolescents and risk of type 2 diabetes. Grade: Grade Not Assignable

Dietary patterns: Adults 

  • The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee reviewed newly published evidence using a systematic evidence scan and determined that the conclusion drawn by the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee generally reflects the current state of science: Moderate evidence indicates that healthy dietary patterns higher in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains and lower in red and processed meats, high-fat dairy products, refined grains, and sweets/sugar-sweetened beverages reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee Grade: Moderate

Diets based on macronutrient distribution: Children

  • No evidence is available to determine a relationship between diets based on macronutrient proportion distribution consumed during childhood and risk of type 2 diabetes. Grade: Grade Not Assignable

Diets based on macronutrient distribution: Adults

  • Insufficient evidence is available to determine the relationship between macronutrient distributions with proportions of energy falling outside of the AMDR for at least one macronutrient and risk of type 2 diabetes, due to methodological limitations and inconsistent results. Grade: Grade Not Assignable