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Systematic Review Question

What is the relationship between alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality?

Conclusion Statement

Primary comparisons (among those who currently drink alcohol)

  • Moderate evidence indicates that higher average alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality compared with lower average alcohol consumption among those who drink. (Grade: Moderate)
  • Moderate evidence indicates that binge drinking (consuming 5 or more drinks for men or 4 or more drinks for women during a drinking occasion) is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, and that more frequent binge drinking is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality compared with less frequent or no binge drinking among those who drink. (Grade: Moderate)

Secondary comparison (between those who currently drink alcohol and those who have never consumed alcohol)

  • Limited evidence suggests that low average alcohol consumption, particularly without binge drinking, is associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with never drinking alcohol. However, in light of the many scientific and public health issues associated with alcoholic beverages, any conclusions about low average consumption compared to never drinking alcohol require careful consideration. (Grade: Limited)